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2.
Salud pública Méx ; 53(supl.3): s375-s385, 2011. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-625717

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Presentar y analizar información de costo-efectividad de intervenciones propuestas por la Iniciativa Mesoamericana de Salud (IMS) en las áreas de nutrición infantil, inmunizaciones, paludismo, dengue y salud materno-infantil y reproductiva. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura de evaluaciones económicas publicadas entre el año 2000 y agosto 2009 sobre intervenciones en las áreas de la salud mencionadas, en los idiomas inglés y español. RESULTADOS: Las intervenciones en nutrición y de salud materno-infantil mostraron ser altamente costo-efectivas (con rangos menores a US$200 por año de vida ajustado por discapacidad [AVAD] evitado para nutrición y US$100 para materno-infantil). En dengue sólo se encontró información sobre la aplicación de larvicidas, cuya razón de costo efectividad estimada fue de US$40.79 a US$345.06 por AVAD evitado. Respecto al paludismo, las intervenciones estudiadas resultaron costo-efectivas (

OBJECTIVE: Present and analyze cost-effectiveness information of public health interventions proposed by the Mesoamerican Health Initiative in child nutrition, vaccination, malaria, dengue, and maternal, neonatal, and reproductive health. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted on cost-effectiveness studies published between January 2000 and August 2009 on interventions related to the health areas previously mentioned. Studies were included if they measured effectiveness in terms of Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) or death averted. RESULTS: Child nutrition and maternal and neonatal health interventions were found to be highly cost-effective (most of them below US$200 per DALY averted for nutritional interventions and US$100 for maternal and neonatal health). For dengue, information on cost-effectiveness was found just for application of larvicides, which resulted in a cost per DALY averted ranking from US$40.79 to US$345.06. Malarial interventions were found to be cost-effective (below US$150 per DALY averted or US$4,000 per death averted within Africa). In the case of pneumococcus and rotavirus vaccination, cost-effectiveness estimates were always above one GDP per capita per DALY averted. CONCLUSIONS: In Mesoamerica there are still important challenges in child nutrition, vaccination, malaria, dengue and maternal, neonatal, and reproductive health, challenges that could be addressed by scaling-up technically feasible and cost-effective interventions.


Subject(s)
Animals , Child , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Bibliometrics , Cost-Benefit Analysis/statistics & numerical data , Health Promotion/statistics & numerical data , Public Health/statistics & numerical data , Central America , Child Health Services/economics , Child Health Services/organization & administration , Child Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Costs and Cost Analysis , Dengue/prevention & control , Developing Countries , Health Promotion/economics , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Immunization Programs/economics , Immunization Programs/organization & administration , Immunization Programs/statistics & numerical data , International Cooperation , Malaria/prevention & control , Malnutrition/prevention & control , Maternal Health Services/economics , Maternal Health Services/organization & administration , Maternal Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Mexico , Mosquito Control/economics , Mosquito Control/organization & administration , Mosquito Control/statistics & numerical data , Preventive Health Services/economics , Preventive Health Services/organization & administration , Preventive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Reproductive Health Services/economics , Reproductive Health Services/organization & administration , Reproductive Health Services/statistics & numerical data
3.
Salud pública Méx ; 53(supl.3): s386-s395, 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-625718

ABSTRACT

El propósito de la iniciativa Salud Mesoamérica 2015 (SM-2015) es mejorar el estado de salud y nutrición de la población con mayor grado de vulnerabilidad en Mesoamérica. El objetivo de la evaluación es generar evidencia sobre la efectividad conjunta de un paquete de intervenciones diseñadas para mejorar las condiciones de salud en la región. Se propone una evaluación de impacto con métodos mixtos, para conocer la magnitud de los cambios atribuibles a la SM-2015, e identificar los significados de estos cambios para la población objetivo, en el contexto de cada país. El eje conductor es un panel de localidades con el que se colectará información de individuos, hogares y unidades de salud de primero y segundo nivel de atención. El diseño que se describe en este documento fue desarrollado entre junio y diciembre de 2009, y su articulación se llevó a cabo en talleres realizados en Cuernavaca (México), Managua (Nicaragua), y San José (Costa Rica). El diseño propuesto permitirá generar evidencia sobre la efectividad conjunta del paquete de intervenciones propuesto en los planes maestros mesoamericanos. El éxito de este diseño radica en la voluntad y en el compromiso político de los países y los donantes.


Since the Salud Mesoamerica 2015 initiative (SM-2015) aim is to improve health and nutrition conditions of those most vulnerable in Mesoamerica, the goal of the evaluation is to generate evidence of the joint effectiveness of a package of interventions designed to improve the health conditions. We propose a mix design for the evaluation, which will allow to know the magnitude of changes attributable to the interventions, as well as the meanings of these changes for the target population, taking into account the specificities of each country. The main axis of this design is a locality panel where information about individuals, households, and health facilities (first and second level) will also be collected. The evaluation design described in this paper was developed between June and December, 2009, and it was integrated during workshops in Cuernavaca (Mexico), Managua (Nicaragua), and San Jose (Costa Rica). The proposed design will allow to generate evidence about the joint effectiveness of the package of interventions proposed for the SM-2015. The success of this design rests on the political commitment of countries and donors.


Subject(s)
Animals , Child , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Health Services Research/methods , Public Health , Central America , Child Health Services/economics , Child Health Services/organization & administration , Child Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Dengue/prevention & control , Developing Countries , Goals , Health Promotion/economics , Immunization Programs/economics , Immunization Programs/organization & administration , Immunization Programs/statistics & numerical data , International Cooperation , Malaria/prevention & control , Malnutrition/prevention & control , Maternal Health Services/economics , Maternal Health Services/organization & administration , Maternal Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Mexico , Mosquito Control/economics , Mosquito Control/organization & administration , Mosquito Control/statistics & numerical data , Preventive Health Services/economics , Preventive Health Services/organization & administration , Preventive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Program Evaluation/methods , Reproductive Health Services/economics , Reproductive Health Services/organization & administration , Reproductive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Research Design
4.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 20(5): 287-298, nov. 2006. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-444601

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Estimar el gasto en salud reproductiva en México durante el año 2003, analizar su distribución según los principales programas, agentes de financiamiento y proveedores de bienes y servicios de salud, y evaluar la relación entre el gasto en salud reproductiva y algunos indicadores económicos de los estados, mediante la metodología de cuentas en salud. MÉTODOS: Se estimó el gasto en salud reproductiva entre enero y diciembre de 2003, tanto a nivel nacional como estatal. Se utilizó la metodología de cuentas en salud ajustada a las particularidades de México a partir de información pública y privada. El gasto se calculó para los cuatro principales programas de salud reproductiva (salud materno-perinatal, planificación familiar, cáncer cervicouterino y cáncer de mama) según los diferentes agentes de financiamiento, proveedores de bienes y servicios y funciones de salud, tanto para el sector público como privado. Se estimó el gasto público estatal por beneficiaria y se analizó su relación con el gasto público en salud y el producto interno bruto (PIB) anual per cápita de cada estado. RESULTADOS: El gasto en salud reproductiva en México durante el año 2003 fue de 2 912,6 millones de dólares estadounidenses y representó 0,5 por ciento del PIB nacional en 2003 y poco más de 8 por ciento del gasto en salud. El gasto fue mayor en los agentes públicos (53,5 por ciento) que en los privados (46,5 por ciento). El programa de salud materno-perinatal presentó el mayor gasto, principalmente por partos y complicaciones; casi 50 por ciento de ese total provino de pagos directos de los hogares. El gasto en planificación familiar fue mayormente público y representó 5,9 por ciento del gasto total. Del gasto en salud reproductiva, 7,9 por ciento correspondió a los programas de cáncer cervicouterino y de mama. El gasto público promedio en salud reproductiva por beneficiaria fue de 680,03 USD y su distribución estatal estuvo asociada con el gasto público...


OBJECTIVES: To estimate reproductive health expenditures in Mexico during 2003; analyze how costs were distributed across the main programs, funding entities, and providers of health goods and services; and evaluate the relationship between reproductive health expenditures and economic indicators in different states, using health accounts methods. METHODS: We estimated reproductive health expenditures between January and December 2003, at the national and state level. We used health accounts methods adjusted for the particular characteristics of Mexico on the basis of information from public and private sources. Expenditures were calculated for the four main reproductive health programs (maternal-perinatal health, family planning, cervical and uterine cancer, and breast cancer) according to different funding entities, goods and services providers, and functions of health care, in both the public and private sector. We estimated public expenditures by state per beneficiary, and analyzed how these costs were related with pubic health care expenditures and annual per capita gross domestic product (GDP) for each state. RESULTS: The reproductive health expenditures in Mexico during the year 2003 were US$ 2.912 6 billion, a figure that represented 0.5 percent of the national GDP in 2003 and slightly more than 8 percent of the total health care expenditures. Costs were higher for public entities (53.5 percent) than for private entities (46.5 percent). The maternal-perinatal health program accounted for the highest costs, mainly from deliveries and complications; direct payments from households accounted for nearly 50 percent of the total figure. Costs for family planning were accrued mainly in the public sector, and represented 5.9 percent of the total expenditure. Of the total spending on reproductive health, 7.9 percent was devoted to cervical and uterine cancer and breast cancer programs. Mean public expenditures on reproductive health per...


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Expenditures , Reproductive Health Services/economics , Mexico , Private Sector , Public Sector
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